Depression keeps on being an ailment that isn’t totally comprehended. Current neuroscience has thought of sensible and durable models, which portray melancholy as the insufficiency or decreased movement of the synapses Serotonin, Norepinephrine, and Dopamine in the mind. All FDA-endorsed drugs influence one of or a greater amount of the above synapses. The expertise in…
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The Changing landscape of depression medication The emergence of the first targeted antidepressant drugs more than 50 years ago marked an enormous shift in the treatment of depression. But in the ensuing years, the science has somewhat stagnated. Most antidepressants on the market today target monoamine neurotransmitter function, essentially increasing the levels of key chemicals in…
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Last year the FDA authorized the marketing of TMS to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This came as good news for patients with more refractory OCD who have not responded to traditional approaches (i.e. medication and/or psychotherapy). At the same time, it remains to be determined what brain areas to target in OCD and which TMS treatment…
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Cognitive functioning is one of the main symptoms of major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression and affects the daily quality of life in these patients. Cognitive functioning is defined as the ability to process and comprehend new information that allows us to carry out daily tasks and is often assessed by testing memory or ability…
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The earliest accounts of depression were recorded in the second millennium BC in ancient Mesopotamia. However, the true nature of depressions eluded many scholars for a great number of years. But as medical science evolved a myriad set of treatments emerged. The treatments of past, from bloodletting, baths, and even local shamans, have all but…
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Research into optimal TMS treatment parameters for a given disorder is ongoing. The paper we will consider here, by Kozel and colleagues, looks at frequency of pulse delivery, specifically low versus high frequency TMS in the treatment of PTSD. The effect TMS has on the brain is contingent upon many factors – frequency being one of them. Broadly speaking, TMS is…
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A recent study from August had originally introduced the idea that ketamine may act like an opioid. This was reinforced by a small study of 7 patients that showed that patients who received naltrexone (a medication that blocks the effects of opioids and is also used to treat alcohol dependence) before their ketamine infusion felt…
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“I received ketamine anesthesia during ECT treatment: Will that help treat my depression?” Long before ketamine was used in low doses to treat refractory depression, it was (and still is!) a very a widely used anesthetic agent. The World Health Organization (WHO) even lists ketamine as an “essential medicine,” and among the safest and…
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Of all the people that experience a major depressive episode for the first time, depression will recur in about half of them. Several years may pass before the depression recurs or it may come back in as little as a couple of weeks. Depression may recur only once or multiple times over the course of…
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Elderly Depression- Over recent years, there has been a boom in scientific studies regarding the use of ketamine for treatment-resistant depression. These studies have shown time and time again that ketamine is a powerful and rapid anti-depressant that can significantly decrease suicidal thoughts and improve depressive symptoms. These studies and the scientific community urge strict…
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